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| Region |
Tradition |
Variation |
| North India |
North India is known for its grand and elaborate Ramleela performances. The tradition involves a dramatic re-enactment of Lord Rama's life, including his exile, the abduction of his wife Sita, and his victory over the demon king Ravana. The performances are usually held in open-air theaters or temporary stages, and they culminate in the burning of effigies of Ravana on Dussehra.
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In some parts of North India, the Ramleela is performed over a period of 10 days, while in others, it can last up to a month. The performances are often accompanied by folk music and dance.
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| South India |
In South India, the Ramleela tradition is often incorporated into the Koothu and Yakshagana theater forms. The performances are usually held in temples and they involve elaborate costumes, makeup, and music.
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The South Indian version of Ramleela often includes elements of local folklore and mythology, and it is performed in the local languages.
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| West India |
In West India, particularly in Gujarat, the Ramleela tradition is often combined with the Navaratri festival. The performances involve dance-dramas, puppet shows, and storytelling sessions.
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The West Indian version of Ramleela often includes elements of Bhavai, a traditional form of folk theater in Gujarat.
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| East India |
In East India, particularly in Bengal, the Ramleela tradition is often combined with the Durga Puja festival. The performances involve dance-dramas, puppet shows, and storytelling sessions.
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The East Indian version of Ramleela often includes elements of Jatra, a traditional form of folk theater in Bengal.
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| Oldest and Famous Ramleela |
The Ramnagar Ramlila, held in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, is considered the oldest and most famous Ramleela in India. It has been performed annually for nearly 200 years and is a major cultural event, attracting audiences from all over the country. The Ramnagar Ramlila is unique in that it is performed over a period of 31 days, and the entire town of Ramnagar is transformed into a giant stage. The Ramnagar Ramlila was declared an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2005.
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